Max and min element of an array

#include <iostream>
#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

int getmin(int arr[], int N){
    int result = arr[0];
    for(int i=1; i<N; i++)
        result = min(result,arr[i]);
    return result;
}

int getmax(int arr[], int N){
    int result = arr[0];
    for(int i=1; i<N; i++)
        result = max(result,arr[i]);
    return result;
}

int main(){
    int arr[] = {12,35,165,16,23,5,1};
    int N = sizeof(arr) / sizeof (int);
    cout<<"Minimum element of array : "<< getmin(arr,N)<<endl;
    cout<<"maximam element of array : "<< getmax(arr,N)<<endl;
}

Output:

Minimum element of array: 1
Maximum element of array: 165

Explanation:

Step 1: Function to Find Minimum Element

int getmin(int arr[], int N) {
    int result = arr[0];  // Start with the first element
    for(int i = 1; i < N; i++) {
        result = min(result, arr[i]);  // Update result with the smaller of result and arr[i]
    }
    return result;  // Return the smallest value found
}

Parameters:

• arr[]: The array to search.
• N: The size of the array.

Logic:

• result = arr[0];: Initialize result to the first element of the array.
• For Loop: Starting from the second element (i = 1), compare each element with the current result using the min function, which returns the smaller value.
• Return: The smallest value found in the array is returned.

Step 2: Function to Find Maximum Element

int getmax(int arr[], int N) {
    int result = arr[0];  // Start with the first element
    for(int i = 1; i < N; i++) {
        result = max(result, arr[i]);  // Update result with the larger of result and arr[i]
    }
    return result;  // Return the largest value found
}

Logic:

• Similar to getmin(), this function initializes result with the first element of the array.
• The loop goes through each element, updating result with the larger of the two values using the max function.
• Finally, the function returns the largest value found.

Step 3: Main Function

int main() {
    int arr[] = {12, 35, 165, 16, 23, 5, 1};  // Array initialization
    int N = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(int);  // Calculating the number of elements in the array

    // Print the minimum element
    cout << "Minimum element of array: " << getmin(arr, N) << endl;
    
    // Print the maximum element
    cout << "Maximum element of array: " << getmax(arr, N) << endl;
    
    return 0;
}

• Array Declaration: arr[] = {12, 35, 165, 16, 23, 5, 1}; initializes an array with 7 integer elements.
• Array Size: int N = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(int); calculates the size of the array by dividing the total memory size of the array (sizeof(arr)) by the size of one integer (sizeof(int)).
• Finding and Printing the Minimum and Maximum:

• The function getmin(arr, N) is called to find the minimum value in the array and print it.
• Similarly, getmax(arr, N) is called to find and print the maximum value.